In fact it was probably here where they faced their most difficult challenges.
The challenges of a different climate, sea transport, environment and unfamiliar styles of warfare were most noticeable during these campaigns. These lands were the most unlike their own lands on the steppes of Asia far to the North. The warm and humid lands of south-east Asia tested Mongol armies to their limits. The lands which we today know as Burma, Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand and Indonesia, with their dense jungles, long rivers, exotic wildlife, insects and diseases were to become Khubilai Khan’s last efforts at expanding Mongol lands. Search Search for: The Mongols in South-East Asia